Process of enameling metal surfaces.



UNITED STATES PATENT Erica.

PROCESS OF ENAMELING METAL SURFACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 674,506, dated May 21, 1901.

Application filed September 6, 1900.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JOSEPH H. HINES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Enameling Metal Surfaces; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to a process of enameling metal surfaces, its object being to provide an enameled surface which is highly ornamental and may be decorated as desired, and which will not crack, peel, break, or rust or be affected by acids, chemicals, gases, or vapors.

In carrying my invention into practice I first clean the surface to be enameled in the usual or any preferred way. I then make a glaze or binding composition composed of silicate, borax, lead, antimony, tin, arsenic, potash, and soda and apply the same in a powdered state to the metallic surface. The metal is then fired to bring it to a white heat, by which the composition is melted and forms a vitreous base which combines with the metal without oxidizing the same and constitutes a protective ground-coatin g therefor. The surface so prepared is then coated with an enamel of any of the well-known formulas that will combine with the binding glaze or coating and produces the colored body desired, and the surface again fired, so as to combine the enamel with the binding-coat. When this is done, a brilliant glossy enameled surface is obtained, and the enamel combines so intimately with the binding-coat that the metallic article, if it be a plate, may when cooled be bent into any desired shape or broken without causing the enamel to chip, peel, or break oif. If desired, the enameled surface may then be decorated in any of the wellknown ways by painting, direct printing, stenciling, or by the transfer process, care being takent hat the colored enamels used are adapted to stand the amount and duration of heat required. Then the vehicle or other matter used in the decoratingis removed,leavserial No. 29,222. (No specimens.)

ing only the color forming the design or decoration to remain. Firing is now again resorted to to fix the design, and the metal may then be bent or formed into the desired shape and is carefully cooled. When cooled, the surface is coated with a thin coat of a hard transparent glaze which will allow the design or decorations to show through. This coat is burned in and on the surface so decorated and shouldbe of such a character that it will not blur the design or decorations, but will protect the same from acids and chemicals.

It will thus be seen that in my process the metal is first coated with a ground-coating adapted to intimately combine with the metal and enamel, and the enamel and design then protected by an acid-proof coating. By this means an exceedingly durable surface is provided.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to be secured by Letters Patent, is-- 1. That step in the art of enameling metallic surfaces, which consists in combining with the surface of the article by firing a ground composition consisting of powdered silicate, borax, lead, antimony, tin, arsenic, potash and soda, substantially as set forth.

2. The herein-described process of enameling metallic surfaces, the same consisting in applying to the surface of the article a ground composition comprising powdered silicate, borax, lead, antimony, tin,,arsenic, potash and soda, firing to melt said composition and cause it to combine with the metallic surface without oxidizing the same and to form a protective ground-coating therefor, applying an enamel-coating, firing to combine the enamel with the ground-coating, applying a design or decorations to the enamel, firing to fix the 0 same, applying a transparent acid and chemical-proof coating, and finally firing to fix such coating, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wit- 5 HBSSGS.

JOSEPH H. HINES.

Witnesses:

GEO. W. BROWN, OSCAR L. ROBINSON. 

